The Gurukula System
The traditional Gurukula was a residential model of learning in which students lived with a teacher, emphasising character, discipline and experiential, holistic education alongside textual study.
Ancient Universities
Takshashila and Nalanda were among the earliest universities in the world, attracting scholars from across Asia to study subjects ranging from medicine and logic to astronomy and the arts.
Pedagogical Principles
Indian pedagogy valued structured debate (shastrartha), memorisation with understanding, strong oral and textual traditions, and the integration of ethics with knowledge.
NEP 2020 and IKS
The National Education Policy 2020 promotes integrating Indian Knowledge Systems into mainstream curricula. This initiative develops course modules, resources and teacher-training programmes to support that goal.